Analysis of Chemical Composition Variations in Plantaginis Semen at Different Frying Time Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveIn order to explore the changes of chemical constituents in Plantaginis Semen before and after stir-frying， ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE） was used to rapidly identify and semi-quantitatively analyze the differential components in Plantaginis Semen processed at different stir-frying time. MethodWaters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm） was employed with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B） for gradient elution （0-1 min， 5%-10%B； 1-2 min， 10%-15%B； 2-10 min， 15%-20%B； 10-12 min， 20%-40%B； 12-13 min， 40%-100%B； 13-14 min， 100%-5%B； 14-15 min， 5%B）， the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1， the column temperature was 40 ℃， and the injection volume was 3 μL. Electrospray ionization （ESI） was applied for mass spectrometric analysis under positive and negative ion modes， and the scanning range was m/z 50-1 500. MarkerLynx 4.1 software was used to find the differential compounds， and the intensity of each ion peak in samples with different stir-frying time was compared to study the content variations of these compounds. ResultA total of 20 components with potential significant differences were found， among which 17 were identified and 3 were unknown， mainly including phenylethanoid glycosides， iridoid glycosides， alkaloids and others. After processing， the peak intensities of 7 compounds， such as sucrose， geniposidic acid， verbascoside and plantagoguanidinic acid A， in Plantaginis Semen decreased. The peak intensities of orobanchoside， dianthoside and plantain D increased first and then decreased during the stir-frying process. The peak intensities of 10 compounds （decaffeoylacteoside， calceolarioside A， isoacteoside， etc.） increased， and 9 of them were newly generated components. ConclusionThe content and composition of the chemical components in Plantaginis Semen changed significantly after stir-frying， which may be related to the reduction of laxative effect and the enhancement of antidiarrheal and diuretic activities of Plantaginis Semen after stir-frying.

Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Jiechangyan Qixiao Granules Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:In order to systematically clarify the chemical composition of Jiechangyan Qixiao granules， the main chemical components in this preparation were rapidly identified and assigned by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF/MS^E）. Method:ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column （2.1 mm×100 mm， 1.8 μm） was employed for UPLC analysis with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B） for gradient elution （0-2 min， 5%B； 2-16 min， 5%-21%B； 16-30 min， 21%-95%B； 30-33 min， 95%B； 33-34 min， 95%-5%B； 34-37 min， 5%B）. The flow rate was 0.3 mL·min^-1， the column temperature was 30 ℃， and the volume of sample injection was 2 μL. Electrospray ionization （ESI） was applied for scanning under positive and negative ion modes with the scanning range of <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> 60-1 200. MS^E mode was used to collect mass spectral data. The ion peaks were identified by comparing with the information of control substances， literature references and self-built database. Result:A total of 102 chemical components were separated and identified in Jiechangyan Qixiao granules， including organic acids， flavonoids and its glycosides， triterpenes， phenylethanoid glycosides， tannins， iridoid glycosides and other components， among which flavonoids and its glycosides were from Drynariae Rhizoma and Crataegi Fructus， phenylethanoid glycosides and iridoid glycosides were from Plantaginis Semen， triterpenoids and tannins were from Crataegi Fructus and Chebulae Fructus. Among the identified chemical constituents， there were 28 from Drynariae Rhizoma， 31 from Plantaginis Semen， 53 from Chebulae Fructus and 58 ingredients from Crataegi Fructus. Conclusion:The established UPLC-Q-TOF/MS^E can comprehensively and rapidly analyze the chemical constituents in Jiechangyan Qixiao granules， and preliminarily elucidates the chemical composition profile of this granules， which can lay a foundation for further research on the pharmacodynamic material basis and quality control of Jiechangyan Qixiao granules.

A case of severe hyponatremia induced by duloxetine and ziprasidone / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

We report a case of severe hyponatremia related to duloxetine and ziprasidone. A 50-year-old woman on duloxetine and ziprasidone treatment for major depressive disorder developed polydipsia, polyuria, and two episodes of seizures, followed by admission to the emergency department on the 10th day of treatment. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated creatine kinase (CK) as well as hyponatremia, hypo-osmolality, and increased urine sodium. Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) was considered, although urine osmolality was not measured. Duloxetine and ziprasidone were discontinued and the CK gradually normalized after correction of hyponatremia. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of antipsychotic-induced hyponatremia, particularly in patients with symptoms of polydipsia.

Effect of modified mahuang fuzi xixin decoction extract on atrioventricular block induced by ischemia/reperfusion in New Zealand rabbits / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of modified Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction extract (MFXDE) on ischemia/reperfusion induced atrioventricular (A-V) block in rabbits model.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into six groups, three test groups (Group TA, TB, TC) and three control groups (Group CA, CB, CC), 10 in each. MFXDE 2 mL/kg was given twice a day by gastrogavage to the test groups, while to the control groups, equal volume of normal saline was given instead, for 3 successive days. Twenty minutes after the last gastrogavage, right coronary artery ligation was performed in rabbits under anesthesia with 1.2 g/kg of 20% urethane via ear marginal vein injection, and lasted for 15 min (Group TA and CA), 60 min (Group TB and CB), and 120 min (Group TC and CC), respectively. ECG lead-II and His Bundle ECG were recorded at different time points to observe P-R interval and A-H interval.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>P-R interval and A-H interval in the test groups were shorter than in the control groups significantly (all P < 0.05) at the time point of 5 min after ischemia; and at the reperfusion stage, a re-extending phenomenon of P-R and A-H could be found in the CC group after 60 min reperfusion (P < 0.05), but it didn't occure in all the other test groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MFXDE could improve the ischemia/reperfusion induced A-V conductive function.</p>

Study on correlation of soil nutrients and content of active constituents in root of Rumex gmelini / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide scientific basis for the selection of agrotype and property fertilization for Rumex gmelini cultivated in compliance with good agricultural practice (GAP).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HPLC method was applied to determinate the content of seven active constituents (resveratrol, polydatin, chrysophanol 1-glucoside, nepodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion) of annual R. gmelini. And the correlation between soil nutrients and content of active constituents in the root of R. gmelini were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Seven regression equation were established. The statistic significance was found in three of them.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The soil with high total K level is not suitable for R. gmelini cultivation. But the higher available N, available P, available K level of soil is suitable.</p>

Study on the optimal harvesting time of Rumex gmelini by analyzing the contents of principal components / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a method used for optimization of harvesting time and determine the best time for harvesting Rumex gmelini.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>An HPLC method was applied to determinate the contents of seven active constituents(resveratrol, polydatin, chrysophanol 1-glucoside, nepodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion)of R. gmelini at different development stage. The result was analyzed by principal component analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The accumulation of active constituents showed a regular pattern.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The best harvesting time of R. gmelini is early July.</p>